معرفی کتاب Geotechnical Engineering Circular No. 4
This document presents state-of-the-practice information on the design and installation of cementgrouted ground anchors and anchored systems for highway applications. Anchored systems discussed include flexible anchored walls, slopes supported using ground anchors, landslide stabilization systems, and structures that incorporate tiedown anchors. This document has been written, in part, to update the design manual titled "Permanent Ground Anchors" (FHWA-DP-68-1R, 1988). This document draws extensively from the FHWA (1988) design manual in describing issues such as subsurface investigation and laboratory testing, basic anchoring principles, ground anchor load testing, and inspection of construction materials and methods used for anchored systems. Since 1988, advances have been made in design methods and from new construction materials, methods, and equipment. Results of anchored system performance monitoring and research activities conducted since 1989 are also included in this document. Most recently, research was conducted under a FHWA research contract on the design and performance of ground anchors and anchored soldier beam and timber lagging walls. As part of that research project, performance data on model- and full-scale anchored walls were collected and analyzed. Several of the analysis methods and design procedures that were recommended based on the results of the research are adopted herein. This research is described in FHWA-RD-98-065 (1998), FHWA-RD-98-066 (1998), FHWA-RD-98-067 (1998), and FHWA-RD- 97-130 (1998). This document provides detailed information on basic principles and design analyses for ground anchors and anchored systems. Topics discussed include selection of design earth pressures, design of corrosion protection systems for ground anchors, design of wall components to resist lateral and vertical loads, evaluation of overall anchored system stability, and seismic design of anchored systems. Also included in the document are two detailed design examples and technical specifications for ground anchors and for anchored walls.