کتاب Soiling and Cleaning of Building Facades

Name: Soiling and Cleaning of Building Facades
Price: رایگان
Availability: دیجیتال
Author: L.G.W Verhoef

نویسنده:

L.G.W Verhoef

ناشر:

Taylor & Francis

تعداد صفحه:

۱۹۷

زبان نوشتار:

انگلیسی

سال انتشار:

۱۹۹۸

معرفی کتاب Soiling and Cleaning of Building Facades

Rilem Technical Committee 62 SCF was formed under the chairmanship of the late Professor Eric Theissing to study the soiling and cleaning of building facades. In order to make useful recommendations for suitable methods of cleaning, it was necessary to investigate the complex system by which surfaces are changed by the natural and unnatural elements in the environment. Some of these changes are physical and others superficial but all need to be understood. It is necessary to study the ways in which pollution in the atmosphere is transported to buildings and adheres to surfaces, and the manner in which the dirt can subsequently be redistributed by water on the facade. This redistribution of the dirt is normal.1y responsible for the most noticeable visual changes, so the movement of wind around buildings and its influence on the quantities of rain which hit different parts of the various facades also forms part of the study.
Dirt affects facades in a number of ways. Some types of soiling can physically damage certain types of surface but in many cases there is only a visual change. Some materials, because of their colour or texture, can look acceptable in spite of being dirty while others only look right when they are clean. However, visual changes are sometimes so great as to have an adverse effect on the value of a building. These phenomena are therefore worthy of study so that they can be anticipated by the architect and taken into account at the time that the building is designed. Buildings can be designed to minimize dirtying, but the study of rain and wind movements around buildings shows that in most cases it is impossible to ensure that all parts of all facades receive enough rainwater to keep them clean unless the building can be designed in a form resembling a pyramid. It would be quite absurd to suggest that all large buildings should be pyramid shaped so we are forced to accept that some parts of such buildings will not be naturally cleaned.
The architect may decide, by choice of materials and by providing access, to make these parts of the building easy to clean, but there is another option. This is to accept that these areas will remain dirty and, by careful choice of materials and details, the architect can attempt to ensure that the building can carry this dirt without being physically or visually harmed. Many of the old buildings in our towns and cities are in this state of being partly clean and partly dirty and are worthy of serious study to determine to what extent the soiling is spoiling their appearance (see e.g. St Paul's Cathedral).
By investigating the environment in which a building is to be built - its micro climate and its pollution - and then bearing these conditions in mind in the design of the building, it is possible for an architect to predict those parts of the building which can be kept clean and those which will remain dirty. Materials can then be chosen which are suitable for these situations and which will control the flow of water on the facade, so that there will be no dirty streaks on the clean surfaces and so that the dirt in the other areas will remain undisturbed.
All of these subjects are touched upon in this report together with the most suitable methods for cleaning the various building materials mentioned. Finally, a number of appendices describe experimental test methods related to the study and measurement of the soiling of various surfaces.

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